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Black Pepper Essential Oil Botanical Name: Piper nigrum Common Method Of Extraction: Steam distillation Parts Used: Peppercorns Note Classification: Middle to base Aroma: Hot, sharp, bright, fruity, and spicy odor Largest Producing Countries: India, Malaysia, Madagascar, China, Indonesia Traditional Use: Used in the East for over 4,000 years for medicinal and culinary purposes. Known to have been used in Chinese medicine, and by the ancient Greeks. In Greece it is used for intermittent fever and to fortify the stomach. Properties: Analgesic, anticatarrhal, antimicrobial, antiseptic, antispasmodic, anti-toxic, aperitif, aphrodisiac, bactericidal, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, expectorant, febrifuge, laxative, rubefacient, stimulant, stomachic, tonic (especially of the spleen). Benefits: Anaemia, arthritis, catarrh, cellulite, chilblains, chills, cholera, cold, colic, constipation, cough, diarrhea, dysentery, dyspepsia, dysuria, encourages bravery and courage, fevers, flatulence, heartburn, helps resolve past emotional issues, increases alertness and improves concentration, influenza, loss of appetite, muscular aches and pains, nausea, neuralgia, poor circulation and muscle tone, quinsy, rheumatic pain, sprains, stiffness, toothache, vertigo, and vomiting. Blends Well With: Bergamot, clary sage, clove, coriander, fennel, frankincense, geranium, ginger, grapefruit, lavender, juniper, lemon, lemongrass, lime, mandarin, marjoram, myrrh, orange, nutmeg, patchouli, palmarosa, rosemary, sage, sandalwood, spikenard, tea tree, valerian, vetiver, and ylang ylang. Of Interest: During the spice wars it was a trading commodity. Indian monks ate black pepper every day to sustain their endurance and increase their energy. Safety Data: Non-toxic, non-sensitizing, irritant in high concentration due to rubefacient properties. Use in moderation only.   Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only, it is not intended to treat, cure, prevent or, diagnose any disease or condition. Nor is it intended to prescribe in any way. This information is for educational purposes only and may not complete, nor may its data be accurate. As with all essential oils, never use them undiluted. Do not take internally unless working with a qualified and expert practitioner. Keep away from children. If applying an essential oil to your skin always perform a small patch test to an insensitive part of the body (after you have properly diluted the oil in an appropriate carrier.   View Cart/Check Out Privacy Policy   |   Return Policy   |  Ordering Information   |  International Orders   |  Quality Control Products Index     |    A Modern Herbal     |    Botanical.com Copyright © 2000-2008 Botanical.com customerservice@mountainroseherbs.com